Its purpose is to deny an adversary from gaining control of, and an advantage in, the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum, while still ensuring friendly and unimpeded access for oneself and one’s allies. With smaller radar cross sections that make them difficult to detect, fifth-generation jets such as the F-35 will be harder to target and can better slip into adversary airspace in order to conduct EW and strike operations. This is critical to U.S. operations, since spoofing can affect naval navigation, as well as PGM routing. [XIX] Ibid; Robert C. Rasmussen, “Cutting Through the Fog: Reflexive Control and Russians STRATCOM in Ukraine,” Center for International Maritime Security, November 26, 2015, http://cimsec.org/cutting-fog-reflexive-control-russian-stratcom-ukraine/20156. Without further ado, let’s look are some of the major takeaways from the report. [XXX] Freedberg, Jr., 2018, “HASC EW Expert”, [XXXI] Freedberg, Jr., 2018 “Electronic Warfare Trumps Cyber”, [XXXII] Loren Thompson, 2016, “The Evolution of Jet Fighters Takes a Giant Leap with ‘Fifth-Generation’ Planes,” Forbes, June 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2016/06/01/what-makes-a-jet-fighter-fifth-generation/#5a89f9b66655, [XXXIII] Freedberg, Jr., 2018, “Electronic Warfare Trumps Cyber”. The guide suggests only two tactical responses — either disengage immediately, even at the likely cost of some casualties, to avoid getting hit by an artillery strike, or to reply with accurate sniper or heavy-weapons fire. A Russian R-330Zh Zhitel electronic warfare system, which is used to jam cellular satellite communications and is among the many electronic warfare platfroms Russia has deployed to … [XIX] While the Kremlin has long been experimenting in the realm of EW, the U.S. has only just re-entered the game. This was especially evident in the conflict in Ukraine, when the government’s reaction was initially paralyzed by uncertainty as to whether it faced a Russian invasion or a purely local uprising. House. Although Russia’s EW capabilities are a daunting challenge to the U.S. today, this was not always the case. For Russia, EW is used to simultaneously assist the country’s forces in seeing its adversary while also blinding the enemy so they can no longer target Russian Armed Forces. During the 2008 Russo-Georgian War, Russian EW capabilities were limited. Finally, Russia uses the proxies to deny the involvement of their own forces, confusing the reactions of its adversaries. electronic warfare capabilities. This approach has been inspired in part by Western engagement with allied proxies in conflicts ranging from Vietnam to Libya and Afghanistan. For example, during an interview in 2015, Hodges said Russia demonstrated the ability to completely shut down “everything” used by the Ukrainians for … (UAS), electronic warfare (EW) jamming equipment, and long range rocket artillery, it took the Soviet model out of the 1980s and into the 21st Century. [XXVI] The head of US Special Operations Command, General Raymond Thomas, called Syria “the most aggressive EW environment on the planet from our adversaries. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Beyond Huawei – 5G and US National Security, In Historic Trilateral Summit, the U.S., Russia, and Israel Focus on Mutual Interests, © 2021 Georgetown Security Studies Review, https://www.wsj.com/articles/russias-missile-defense-draws-a-new-iron-curtain-against-u-s-military-11548255438, https://www.ausa.org/articles/russia-gives-lessons-electronic-warfare, https://fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm3-12.pdf, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/566ef8b4d8af107232d5358a/t/5c99488beb39314c45e782da/1553549492554/Above+Us+Only+Stars.pdf, https://breakingdefense.com/2018/02/electronic-warfare-trumps-cyber-for-deterring-russia/, http://cimsec.org/cutting-fog-reflexive-control-russian-stratcom-ukraine/20156, https://breakingdefense.com/2018/10/russia-winning-information-electronic-war-over-syria-us-uk-generals-warn/, https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/07/30/russian-jamming-poses-a-growing-threat-to-u-s-troops-in-syria/, https://breakingdefense.com/2018/01/hasc-ew-expert-bacon-us-not-prepared-for-electronic-warfare-vs-russia-china/, https://taskandpurpose.com/pentagon-russia-electronic-warfare, https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2016/06/01/what-makes-a-jet-fighter-fifth-generation/#5a89f9b66655, The U.S. Military’s Greatest Contemporary Adversary: COVID-19. [XVIII] Sydney J. Freedberg, Jr., 2018, “Electronic Warfare Trumps Cyber for Deterring Russia,” Breaking Defense, February 2018, https://breakingdefense.com/2018/02/electronic-warfare-trumps-cyber-for-deterring-russia/. Once targets were located and confirmed, an overwhelming artillery barrage would be called in. Among major accomplishments for the Russian defense industry was the delivery to the military of the latest electronic warfare (EW) systems—“Vitebsk,” “Krasuha” and “Moskva.” The handbook paints an intimidating picture of a military ready to combine old strengths in artillery and anti-aircraft systems with new technologies and tactics, leveraging drones, electronic warfare, information warfare and massed sniper fire. “Divnomorye” is a breakthrough development of Russian scientists and designers. [III] Thomas Grove, 2019, “The New Iron Curtain: Russian Missile Defense Challenges U.S. Air Power,” The Wall Street Journal, January 2019. https://www.wsj.com/articles/russias-missile-defense-draws-a-new-iron-curtain-against-u-s-military-11548255438. Every two or three weeks, the latest Russian electronic warfare (EW) systems are featuring in the texts of the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) reports. Sputnik International News. Washington, GPO, 2018 (statement of Jim Thomas, Principal and Co-Founder of the Telemus Group. [XXII] Furthermore, Russian EW units also worked intimately with drones and rocket artillery batteries in a highly coordinated fashion. However, Russian electronic-warfare batteries wield a multitude of systems to jam or spy upon frontline communication systems — including radio, cellular, satellite and even GPS. Russia has committed billions of rubles to advancing its EW capabilities for use in conflicts against NATO nations, according to a recent think-tank report. [XII] The Borisoglebsk-2 is most notable for the role it played in eastern Ukraine, allegedly impeding the use of Ukrainian drones by suppressing incoming GPS signals. Russia’s electronic warfare specialists will practice creating ‘protection areas’ in the country’s airspace that could render foreign satellite navigation systems completely useless, disabling an enemy’s high-precision weapons. Learn how your comment data is processed. [X] Still, the overall number of soldiers serving in EW units is relatively low, as they must undergo specialist training to become proficient in all EW tools. Russian EW is found throughout every arm and branch of service, making it nearly impossible to avoid. In these conflicts, the U.S. was able to quickly gain local air, sea, and land superiority with relatively low risk to its armed forces. Countries like Russia and the U.S. are concerned about EW because key objectives like gaining air superiority greatly depend on achieving EW supremacy. [13] [XXV], American troops first came into contact with high-end, Russian EW capabilities while in Syria, where they had to increasingly defend themselves against Russian jamming devices. Roger McDermott, an expert on the Russian military, stated “One of the reasons the Russian armed forces…are booming with confidence at this point is because they’re gaining such operational experience.”[XXI] In eastern Ukraine, Russia used unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs; otherwise known as “drones”) and ground systems to jam Ukrainian satellite, cellular, and radio communications. [IX] In 2009, Russia also formed units entirely dedicated to EW operations. The U.S. has spent nearly two decades dedicated to counterterrorism operations where it enjoyed significant qualitative and quantitative advantages over adversaries. Local proxies free up conventional Russian military units and assets to intervene in the sectors they are most needed. The Role of Electronic Warfare in the Russian Armed Forces, and considers that the above descriptions are enormous simplifications.
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