The Moroccan government heavily subsidizes the Saharan provinces under its control with cut-rate fuel and related subsidies, to appease nationalist dissent and attract immigrants from Sahrawis and other communities in Morocco proper.[43]. There was a global trend towards complete decolonization. Both parties have been accused of such violations by the UN, but to date there has been no serious hostile action from either side since 1991. ", This page was last edited on 6 May 2021, at 23:53. [116] Furthermore, Sahrawi women were endowed with major responsibility for the camp during long periods of absence by the men of the camp due to war or trade. [98] Fuel is sold at half the price, and basic goods are heavily subsidized;[98] businesses operating in the territory do not pay taxes. [98], Due to the disputed nature of Moroccan sovereignty over the territory, the application of international accords to Western Sahara is highly ambiguous. [6] A war erupted between those countries and a Sahrawi nationalist movement, the Polisario Front, which proclaimed the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) with a government in exile in Tindouf, Algeria. Western Sahara's much-touted phosphate reserves are relatively unimportant, representing less than two percent of proven phosphate reserves in Morocco. There is little agriculture in the region; camels, goats, and sheep are raised, and dried fish is exported to the Canary Islands. In a previously confidential legal opinion (published in February 2010, although it was forwarded in July 2009), the European Parliament's Legal Service opined that fishing by European vessels under a current EU – Morocco fishing agreement covering Western Sahara's waters is in violation of international law. As of 2010[update], negotiations over terms have not resulted in any substantive action. Additionally, you can access a full timeline of events here. Subsequently, the Spanish government claimed a protectorate over the coastal zone. [48] As part of the Moroccan-Israeli normalisation deal, the United States established a temporary consulate post in Dakhla in January 2021 as a transition to establishing a permanent consulate within the near future.[49][50]. [38], In 2016, the European Union (EU) declared that "Western Sahara is not part of Moroccan territory. Morocco has repeatedly tried to get Algeria into bilateral negotiations, based on its view of Polisario as the cat's paw of the Algerian military. US and French companies (notably Total and Kerr-McGee) began prospecting on behalf of the Moroccan Office National de Recherches et d'Exploitations Petrolières (ONAREP). The Polisario Front claims to run this as the Free Zone on behalf of the SADR. [citation needed] During the annual celebration of Muhammad's birthday, these lords paid their respects to the caliph to show loyalty to the Moroccan monarchy. Media in category "History of Western Sahara" The following 11 files are in this category, out of 11 total. Archeology Project Westsahara . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The arrival of Islam in the 8th century played a major role in the development of the Maghreb region. [citation needed], While initial Spanish interest in the Sahara was focused on using it as a port for the slave trade, by the 1700s Spain had transitioned economic activity on the Saharan coast towards commercial fishing. Source: The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050. Sovereignty over Western Sahara is contested between Morocco and the Polisario Front and its legal status remains unresolved. [25] It initiated guerrilla warfare and, in 1979, Mauritania withdrew due to pressure from Polisario, including a bombardment of its capital and other economic targets. Laayoune was designated the capital of Spanish Sahara in 1940 by the Spanish. As a UN administrative and peacekeeping force arrived in Western Sahara to prepare to conduct the referendum, however, Morocco moved tens of thousands of “settlers” into the territory and insisted that they have their voting qualifications assessed.
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